The 1.6-liter Chevrolet F16D4 or LDE engine was produced in South Korea from 2008 to 2020 and installed in two of the Asian division's most popular models: Aveo and Cruze. This powertrain is practically an identical equivalent of the well-known Opel Z16XER engine. The F series also includes engines: F14D3, F14D4, F15S3, F16D3, F18D3, and F18D4.
| Typ | row |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| number of valves | 16 |
| Exact capacity | 1598 cm³ |
| Cylinder diameter | 79 mm |
| Piston stroke. | 81.5 mm |
| Power system | distributed injection |
| Power | 113 - 124 HP |
| Torque | 152 - 154 nm |
| Compression ratio | 10.8 - 11.0 |
| Fuel type | 95 |
| Environmental class | EURO 4/5 |
| City | 8.8 litry |
| Route | 5.1 litry |
| Mixed | 6.5 litry |
The weight of the F16D4 engine according to the catalog is 115 kg. The engine number F16D4 is located at the junction of the block and the gearbox. The most well-known problem with this engine is the failure of the phase regulators. In the early years, they were often replaced under warranty before reaching 30,000 km, but later the lifespan increased. Another weak point of this power unit is the oil heat exchanger, which leaks in both directions: meaning that oil gets into the coolant and vice versa, gradually diluting the lubricant and causing wear to the oil pump. There are also frequent electrical problems for owners of cars with this engine. Most often, the engine control unit malfunctions, and it's not always due to the board; the connectors can also burn out. The electronically controlled thermostat and ignition coil module regularly fail as well. Other drawbacks of this engine include frequent membrane damage in the crankcase ventilation valve, constant oil leakage through the seals, and valve bending in case of timing belt breakage. And let's not forget about adjusting the thermal clearances of the valves; there are no hydraulic compensators here.
| Aveo 2 (T300) | 2011 - 2020 |
| Cruze 1 (J300) | 2008 - 2016 |
| Trax 1 (U200) | 2013 - 2016 |
The 1.2-liter engine Chevrolet B12D1 or LMU was produced by the company from 2007 to 2015 and was installed in the most popular budget models of the company, such as Aveo and Spark. There was also a gas version of this engine available, as well as the LMH version with reduced compression ratio. The B series also includes the following engines: B10S1, B10D1, B12S1, B12D2, and B15D2.
The 1.4-liter Chevrolet F14D4 or LDT engine has been produced in a Korean factory since 2008 and installed in many popular models of General Motors' Asian division. In our market, this engine is known as the base power unit for the Chevrolet Aveo T250 or 1.4 EcoTec. The F series also includes the following engines: F14D3, F15S3, F16D3, F16D4, F18D3, and F18D4.
The 2.5-liter engine Chevrolet X25D1 or LF4 was produced from 2000 to 2014 at the Korean factory and installed in relatively large models of the concern, such as Epica and Evanda. The series of 6-cylinder units XK-6 was a joint project of Daewoo and Porsche. The X series also includes the X20D1 engine.
The 4.8-liter V8 GM LY2 or Vortec 4800 engine was produced by the company from 2006 to 2017 and installed in Tahoe and Yukon SUVs, Silverado pickups, as well as Express and Savana minibuses. In 2009, this engine received a gas distribution phase change system and is designated as L20. The Vortec IV engine lineup also includes the units: LY5, LFA, and L92.
The 2.3-liter gasoline engine Audi 2.3 NG was produced by the company from 1987 to 1994 and installed in the third and fourth generations of popular models with the indexes 80 and 90. Around 1991, the engine underwent significant modernization, with some even referring to two generations. The EA828 line also includes the following engines: RT, KU, NF, AAN, and AAR.
The 1.5-liter engine Toyota 1NZ-FXE has been produced since 1997 only in Japan. Initially, it was installed only in the Prius model, but later it was also introduced in other hybrid models of the company. The engine is equipped with the VVT-i valve timing control system on the intake camshaft and the ETCS-i electronic throttle. The NZ engine family also includes the following engines: - 1NZ-FE - 2NZ-FE