The 1.6-liter Chevrolet F16D4 or LDE engine was produced in South Korea from 2008 to 2020 and installed in two of the Asian division's most popular models: Aveo and Cruze. This powertrain is practically an identical equivalent of the well-known Opel Z16XER engine. The F series also includes engines: F14D3, F14D4, F15S3, F16D3, F18D3, and F18D4.
| Typ | row |
| Number of cylinders | 4 |
| number of valves | 16 |
| Exact capacity | 1598 cm³ |
| Cylinder diameter | 79 mm |
| Piston stroke. | 81.5 mm |
| Power system | distributed injection |
| Power | 113 - 124 HP |
| Torque | 152 - 154 nm |
| Compression ratio | 10.8 - 11.0 |
| Fuel type | 95 |
| Environmental class | EURO 4/5 |
| City | 8.8 litry |
| Route | 5.1 litry |
| Mixed | 6.5 litry |
The weight of the F16D4 engine according to the catalog is 115 kg. The engine number F16D4 is located at the junction of the block and the gearbox. The most well-known problem with this engine is the failure of the phase regulators. In the early years, they were often replaced under warranty before reaching 30,000 km, but later the lifespan increased. Another weak point of this power unit is the oil heat exchanger, which leaks in both directions: meaning that oil gets into the coolant and vice versa, gradually diluting the lubricant and causing wear to the oil pump. There are also frequent electrical problems for owners of cars with this engine. Most often, the engine control unit malfunctions, and it's not always due to the board; the connectors can also burn out. The electronically controlled thermostat and ignition coil module regularly fail as well. Other drawbacks of this engine include frequent membrane damage in the crankcase ventilation valve, constant oil leakage through the seals, and valve bending in case of timing belt breakage. And let's not forget about adjusting the thermal clearances of the valves; there are no hydraulic compensators here.
| Aveo 2 (T300) | 2011 - 2020 |
| Cruze 1 (J300) | 2008 - 2016 |
| Trax 1 (U200) | 2013 - 2016 |
The 1.2-liter engine Chevrolet B12D1 or LMU was produced by the company from 2007 to 2015 and was installed in the most popular budget models of the company, such as Aveo and Spark. There was also a gas version of this engine available, as well as the LMH version with reduced compression ratio. The B series also includes the following engines: B10S1, B10D1, B12S1, B12D2, and B15D2.
The 1.5-liter Chevrolet B15D2 or L2C engine has been produced in a Korean factory since 2012 and is installed in several budget models of the company, such as Cobalt and Spin. This engine is well known in our automotive market primarily due to the Daewoo Gentra sedan. The B series also includes the following engines: B10S1, B10D1, B12S1, B12D1, and B12D2.
The 1.4-liter engine Chevrolet F14D3 or L95 was produced in South Korea from 2002 to 2008 and used in the most popular models of the GM Korea division, such as Aveo and Lacetti. This powertrain has many common parts with the well-known Opel Z14XE engine. The F series also includes the following power units: F14D4, F15S3, F16D3, F16D4, F18D3, and F18D4.
The 1.8-liter Chevrolet F18D3 or LDA engine was introduced in 2006, replacing the T18SED engine. This engine has nothing in common with the F14D3 and F16D3 engines, it is practically a copy of the Opel Z18XE. This power unit is known in our market mainly thanks to the very popular Lacetti model. The F series also includes engines: F14D3, F14D4, F15S3, F16D3, F16D4, and F18D4.
The 1.3-liter gasoline engine Honda L13B has been produced since 2011 in a Japanese factory and is currently only installed in the third generation of the popular Jazz model (known as Fit in some markets). This power unit belongs to the latest family of Honda Earth Dreams Engines. The L-series also includes engines: L13A, L15A, and L15B.
The 1.8-liter petrol engine Audi 1.8 ADR was produced by the company from 1994 to 2000 and was installed in the most popular models of the company, such as A4, A6, or the fifth generation Passat. This powertrain did not differ significantly from its related sibling with the ARG index. The EA827-1.8 engine line includes: PF, RP, AAM, ABS, JN, ADZ, AGN, and ARG.